Description
50 Seeds per pack
Echinacea Purpurea Coneflower (A.K.A. Purple Coneflower, Eastern Purple Coneflower, Hedgehog Coneflower)
Days to Maturity: 74–90 days (first-year bloom if started early); 300+ days to maturity when direct sown outdoors
Sun Requirements: Full Sun to Partial Shade
Botanical Name: (Echinacea Purpurea)
Native to the moist prairies, meadows, and open woodlands of the central and southeastern United States, this hardy perennial has been cultivated for centuries. Grown by Native Americans for its medicinal properties, it was traditionally used to relieve sore throats, colds, flu, and skin irritations. Early settlers and herbalists continued the tradition, recognizing its immune-boosting potential and incorporating it into home apothecaries.
Purple Coneflower is known for its striking display of soft rosy pink, daisy-like petals surrounding a prominent orange-spiked cone. Each flower reaches up to 5 inches in diameter and sits atop sturdy, rough-hairy stems. Plants grow to a height of 2–4 feet, with dark green, lance-shaped leaves. When left to dry, the flower heads become a valuable winter food source for goldfinches and other seed-eating birds.
When started indoors and transplanted early, Coneflower can bloom within 74–90 days in its first growing season. When directly sown outdoors, however, it typically takes a full season plus winter dormancy before flowering, leading to a true maturity of over 300 days. For those cultivating it for medicinal root harvest, plants reach their peak size after 3–4 years.
A resilient and adaptable perennial, Coneflower thrives in full sun to partial shade and is tolerant of drought, heat, and poor soils. Its ability to attract bees, butterflies, and other pollinators makes it a valuable addition to any garden. Additionally, the plant is deer-resistant, ensuring it remains undisturbed in landscapes where browsing is a concern.
The petals and leaves can be steeped fresh or dried to create a tingly, floral herbal tea. Flowers are also popular for infusions in baths or foot soaks, appreciated for their gentle soothing properties. Roots can be harvested and dried for tinctures or decoctions, long used in traditional medicines to support immune health and ease respiratory ailments.
Rich in antioxidants and medicinal compounds, Echinacea Purpurea is a beautiful and beneficial addition to the perennial garden.
Medical Disclaimer:
Echinacea (Coneflower) has a long history of medicinal use, but its effects may vary depending on the individual and preparation. This plant may interact with medications or trigger allergic reactions in some people. Before using Echinacea or any part of the plant for medicinal purposes, consult a qualified healthcare professional. This information is provided for educational purposes only and is not intended as medical advice. We do not assume responsibility for any adverse effects resulting from its use.
Planting Instructions for Coneflower – Echinacea Purpurea Seeds
When to Plant
Sow Purple Coneflower seeds outdoors in early spring after the danger of frost has passed. In colder zones, starting seeds indoors 8–10 weeks before the last frost date is recommended. Germination typically occurs in 10–20 days when soil temperatures remain between 65–70°F (18–21°C). In mild climates (Zones 7 and above), seeds may also be sown outdoors in late summer or early fall, allowing plants time to establish before winter.
Site Preparation
Select a location that receives 6–8 hours of direct sunlight daily. Partial shade is acceptable in warmer zones to prevent color fading. Choose well-draining soil, ideally enriched with some compost or organic matter. Coneflowers are adaptable to a variety of soil types but thrive in fertile, slightly acidic to neutral soils with a pH around 6.0–7.0.
How to Plant
If sowing seeds directly, scatter them lightly over the surface and press them gently into the soil, covering only lightly. For indoor seed starting, stratify seeds by placing them in a moist paper towel in the refrigerator for 7–10 days before sowing in pots. Transplant seedlings outdoors after the last frost, spacing them 8–12 inches apart. For transplants, dig a hole twice as wide as the container and just as deep.
Loosen the root ball and place the plant so the crown sits slightly above soil level. Refill with soil and compost, firming it gently around the base. Water thoroughly after planting and apply a thin mulch layer to retain moisture—avoid placing mulch directly against the stems.
Fertilization and Maintenance
Purple Coneflowers are low-maintenance perennials. Avoid overfeeding, as excessive nitrogen encourages foliage at the expense of blooms. In early spring, a light application of compost or a balanced slow-release fertilizer (e.g., 12-6-6) can be applied if plants appear weak or underdeveloped. Deadheading is optional; many gardeners allow blooms to go to seed for winter interest and to attract birds.
Watering Requirements
Water deeply at planting and check soil moisture regularly during the first few weeks. Once established, coneflowers are drought-tolerant and require little supplemental watering—typically only during extended dry periods. Aim to provide about 1 inch of water per week, allowing the soil to dry slightly between waterings. Avoid overwatering, as coneflowers prefer moderately dry soil once established.
Long-Term Care
Cut plants back to ground level in late winter or early spring before new growth begins. Divide clumps every 3–4 years in spring or fall to prevent overcrowding and rejuvenate growth. Remove any plants showing signs of aster yellows—such as distorted flowers or yellowing leaves with green veins—as the disease is incurable and can spread. Coneflowers may self-seed if spent flowers are left intact, allowing for natural reseeding in the garden.
Seed Harvesting
After the first frost, once stems and seed heads have dried and blackened, cut stems 6–12 inches below the head using gloves for protection. Hang the heads upside down in a paper bag and shake gently to release the seeds. In humid climates, allow seed heads to dry thoroughly before harvesting. Some gardeners also shake the seed heads outdoors before harvesting to encourage natural reseeding.
To propagate new plants, scatter harvested seeds in bare garden spots in the fall or place entire seed heads in areas where you’d like them to grow the following season.
Once seed harvesting is complete, cut stems down to just above ground level and apply a layer of mulch—such as straw or shredded leaves—to protect roots through winter.
Root Harvesting and Traditional Use
After plants are at least three years old, roots may be harvested in fall for traditional medicinal use. Use a garden fork to gently lift roots. You may harvest the entire plant or remove a portion and replant the remainder. Wash roots under cool running water and pat dry. Roots can be dried for later use or prepared fresh to make a tincture.
FAQ:
What is the historical or notable background of Echinacea Purpurea Coneflower?
Echinacea Purpurea has deep roots in Native American medicinal practices, where it was used for treating ailments such as colds, sore throats, and skin irritations, a tradition that early settlers continued by incorporating it into herbal remedies.
How would you describe the appearance and growth habit of Echinacea Purpurea Coneflower?
This perennial grows 2–4 feet tall with sturdy, rough-hairy stems and dark green lance-shaped leaves, topped with rosy pink petals surrounding a spiky orange cone, forming flowers up to 5 inches wide.
When and how does Echinacea Purpurea Coneflower typically bloom?
If started early indoors, it can bloom in 74–90 days in the first year, but when direct sown, it usually flowers the following season after going through a winter dormancy, making its full maturity over 300 days.
What are the ideal planting conditions for Echinacea Purpurea Coneflower?
Echinacea Purpurea can be planted either in spring or fall, depending on your climate and desired timing. In both cases, sow seeds about ¼ inch deep in well-drained, compost-enriched soil with a pH between 6.0 and 7.0. For spring planting, it's important to cold-stratify the seeds by placing them in a moist paper towel inside a sealed bag and refrigerating for 7–10 days. This mimics winter conditions and breaks dormancy, allowing for better germination after the last frost. In fall planting (recommended in Zones 7 and up), stratification isn’t needed—cool soil and natural moisture conditions over winter trigger spring germination. Fall-sown seeds may germinate and grow small roots before winter sets in, entering dormancy until vigorous growth resumes in spring. Regardless of timing, choose a sunny to lightly shaded location and space seedlings or transplants 8–12 inches apart to allow for mature growth.
How should I water and maintain Echinacea Purpurea Coneflower?
Coneflower seedlings need consistent moisture until established, but mature plants are drought-tolerant. Water deeply but infrequently, providing about 1 inch of water per week during dry periods. Overwatering or poor drainage can lead to root rot. Avoid fertilizing with high-nitrogen products, as they promote leafy growth over blooms. Instead, use compost or a balanced, slow-release fertilizer sparingly in spring. Maintenance includes optional deadheading for prolonged blooms or spent flowers can be left for seed heads that feed birds. Cut plants back to ground level in late winter or early spring.
What wildlife and pollinators are attracted to Echinacea Purpurea Coneflower?
The vibrant flowers of Echinacea Purpurea are a magnet for pollinators. Bees, especially native bumblebees, are frequent visitors, along with butterflies such as monarchs and swallowtails. After flowering, the cone-like seed heads mature into a winter food source for finches and other seed-eating birds. This makes it a favorite for wildlife gardens, as it provides year-round ecological benefits, supporting pollinator populations in summer and bird species in colder months.
What are the medicinal uses of Echinacea Purpurea Coneflower?
Traditionally, all parts of the plant—roots, leaves, flowers—have been used to prepare teas, tinctures, and poultices. Modern herbal medicine primarily utilizes Echinacea root extracts for their believed immune-enhancing effects. Some studies suggest that compounds in Echinacea, such as alkamides, polysaccharides, and caffeic acid derivatives, may stimulate white blood cells and reduce inflammation. Teas made from leaves and flowers are mildly tingling and floral. However, efficacy and safety can vary, and Echinacea may not be suitable for people with allergies or autoimmune conditions. Always consult a healthcare provider before medicinal use.
How do you harvest and save seeds from Echinacea Purpurea Coneflower?
Allow the flowers to mature fully on the plant until the cones dry and turn black, typically after the first frost. Use gloves to cut stems 6–12 inches below the seed head, then hang them upside down in a dry, well-ventilated area inside a paper bag. Once dry, shake the bag or rub the heads to release the seeds. Clean and store them in a cool, dry place. Alternatively, leave some seed heads outdoors to self-sow naturally—this not only propagates new plants but also supports winter birds.
How and when is the root of Echinacea Purpurea Coneflower harvested for medicinal use?
Medicinal root harvesting is best done in the fall of the third year or later, when the plant has reached mature size. Use a digging fork to carefully lift the plant, shake off soil, and either harvest the entire root or divide and replant part of it. Clean roots with cold water, slice them into smaller pieces, and dry them in a well-ventilated area. Dried roots can be stored for later use or prepared fresh in tinctures. The roots are typically stronger in flavor and medicinal potency than aerial parts of the plant.
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Planted the seeds and am waiting for the beautiful flowers!
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